T helper 1 and T helper 2 balance in chronic hemodialysis patients.

Subcutaneous Immunotherapy and Synbiotic Combination Shift T-Helper 1 and Cytotoxic T Cells in Allergic Rhinitis

Background: Synbiotics have been used in the prevention and treatment of various immunological diseases. We aimed to investigate the synergistic clinical and immunologic effects of synbiotics and subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy (SCIT) combination in patients with allergic rhinitis. Materials and Methods: Nineteen individuals with all...

controversial concepts regarding t helper 1 and t helper 2 cytokines in hepatitis c virus infected patients

serum profile of t helper 1 and t helper 2 cytokines in hepatitis c virus infected patients

background t-helper (th) lymphocyte cytokine production may be important in the immune pathogenesis of hepatitis c virus (hcv) infections. th1 cytokines such as; interleukin- 2 (il-2), and interferon gamma (ifn-gamma) are necessary for host antiviral immune responses, while th2 cytokines (il-4, il-10) can inhibit the development of these effector mechanisms. objectives the aim of the present st...

T-helper Type 1 and 2 Cytokine Levels in Patients with Benign and Malignant Salivary Gland Tumors

Background: Salivary gland tumors are among malignancies that have high recurrence rate. Immune responses in salivary gland tumors have not been well elucidated. T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 cytokines have been reported to play a role in the outcome of head and neck cancers. Objective: To evaluate the serum levels of interferon gamma (IFN- γ), as the hallmark of Th1 cytokines, and interleukin-...

Effects of Sustained Sleep Restriction on Mitogen-Stimulated Cytokines, Chemokines and T Helper 1/ T Helper 2 Balance in Humans

BACKGROUND Recent studies suggest that acute sleep deprivation disrupts cellular immune responses by shifting T helper (Th) cell activity towards a Th2 cytokine profile. Since little is known about more long-term effects, we investigated how five days of sleep restriction would affect pro-inflammatory, chemotactic, Th1- and Th2 cytokine secretion. METHODS Nine healthy males participated in an...